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PHYSICS:
BASIC PHYSICS: RADIATION: ALPHA
RADIATION |
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Physics Brief: |
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Alpha particles are a form of particle
radiation which are highly
ionizing and have low penetration. They consist of two
protons and two
neutrons bound together into a particle that is identical to a
helium nucleus. Alpha particles are emitted by
radioactive nuclei such as uranium or radium in a process
known as alpha decay. This sometimes leaves the nucleus in an
excited state, with the emission of a
gamma ray removing the excess energy.
Alpha rays are easily absorbed by materials and can travel only a
few centimeters in a Class M atmosphere. They can be absorbed by
tissue paper or the outer layers of skin and so are not generally
dangerous to life unless the source is ingested or inhaled. If
Alpha radiation does enter the body, however, it presents a threat
because it one of the most powerful form of
ionizing
radiation. |
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